Create Registration / Sign up form using PHP and Mysql

                                If you want to add login form to your websites, then you need to add sign up  or registration form in order to get values from user and store it into Mysql database. Your registration form should be made in HTML and the values are stored in Mysql using PHP. Lets see create the registration form in PHP , Mysql, HTML.

1. Create Database

                               First you need to create database to store user values. You need to use below Mysql query to create database in your phpmyadmin.

            Create database db_name

     ie,
             Create database new

where new is my database name

                               Then you've to use below Mysql query for use created database.
         
             Use db_name
   
    ie,

             Use new

2. Create table in Mysql database

                               After created database, you need to create table for store users values. You can create table using below Mysql query.

             create table login (name varchar(30),password varchar(30),mail varchar(50))

                              Now  you can see created table is presented in your database.

3. Create registration form in HTML

                              After finished database and table creation, you need to create front end design which can be viewed by users. ie, client side script. Using below HTML code to create registration form in HTML.

<form action="#" method="post">
      <table id="tbl" align="center">
       <tr><td>Name:</td><td><input type="text" name="name" id="name"></td></tr>
       <tr><td>Password:</td><td><input type="text" name="password" id="password"></td></tr>
  <tr><td>Email:</td><td><input type="text" name="mail" id="mail"></td></tr>
       <tr><td></td><td><input type="submit" name="submit" id="submit" value="Submit"></td></tr>
      </table>

     </form>

4. Add styles to registration form

                            After created form in HTML, it should not be present user attractable one. So you need to add CSS styles to HTML form in order to make form colorful. Just add below CSS codes to your html form.

 body {
 color:white;
 font-size:14px;
 }
 .contact {
    text-align:center;
    background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #8FBF73;
    padding: 20px 10px;
    box-shadow: 1px 2px 1px #8FBF73;
    border-radius: 10px;
width:520px;
 }
 #name, #password, #mail {
    width: 250px;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #AFCF9C;
    border: 1px solid #91B57C;
    height: 30px;
    color: #808080;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 1px 2px 3px;
}
#submit
{
    background:none repeat scroll 0% 0% #8FCB73;
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 5px 10px;
    line-height: 1.05em;
box-shadow: 1px 2px 3px #8FCB73;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 1px solid #8FCB73;
    text-decoration: none;
    opacity: 0.9;
    cursor: pointer;
color:white;
}
#er {
    color: #F00;
    text-align: center;
    margin: 10px 0px;
    font-size: 17px;

}

5. Form validation in javascript

                                 After add CSS to your form, you've to validate your form using javascript or jquery.  You can validate empty textbox, validate valid email id and valid phone number using below javascript. Add below javascript validation to your HTML form.

$(document).ready(function() {
$('#submit').click(function() {
var name=document.getElementById('name').value;
var password=document.getElementById('password').value;
var mail=document.getElementById('mail').value;
var chk = /^([\w-\.]+@([\w-]+\.)+[\w-]{2,4})?$/;
if(name=='')
{
 $('#er').html('Enter your name');
 return false;
}
if(password=='')
{
 $('#er').html('Enter your password');
 return false;
}
if(mail=='')
{
 $('#er').html('Enter your mail');
 return false;
}
if(!chk.test(mail))
{
 $('#er').html('Enter valid email');
 return false;
}
});

});

6. Connect Mysql database using PHP

                                     Then you need to write server side script to store values into database. First you make connection to Mysql database to store user values using PHP. Visit How to connect Mysql database using PHP. Add below PHP codes

  mysql_connect('localhost','root','') or die(mysql_error());
  mysql_select_db('new') or die(mysql_error());

7. Add PHP code for store values into database

                                     Here is the PHP code for insert user data into Mysql database. This is the code for avoid duplicate entries in table. visit How to avoid duplicate values storing in Mysql table while inserting using PHP. 

  $name=$_POST['name'];
  $password=$_POST['password'];
  $mail=$_POST['mail'];
  $q=mysql_query("select * from login where name='".$name."' or mail='".$mail."' ") or die(mysql_error());
  $n=mysql_fetch_row($q);
  if($n>0)
  {
   $er='The username name '.$name.' or mail '.$mail.' is already present in our database';
  }
  else
  {
   $insert=mysql_query("insert into login values('".$name."','".$password."','".$mail."')") or die(mysql_error());
   if($insert)
   {
    $er='Values are registered successfully';
   }
   else
   {
    $er='Values are not registered';
   }

  }

8. PHP script for register values into Mysql database

                                        Now you combine all above codes to single PHP file. Then you'll get code like below one. visit How to insert values into Mysql database using PHP.

<html>
<head>
<script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<style type="text/css">
 body {
 color:white;
 font-size:14px;
 }
 .contact {
    text-align:center;
    background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #8FBF73;
    padding: 20px 10px;
    box-shadow: 1px 2px 1px #8FBF73;
    border-radius: 10px;
width:520px;
 }
 #name, #password, #mail {
    width: 250px;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #AFCF9C;
    border: 1px solid #91B57C;
    height: 30px;
    color: #808080;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 1px 2px 3px;
}
#submit
{
    background:none repeat scroll 0% 0% #8FCB73;
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 5px 10px;
    line-height: 1.05em;
box-shadow: 1px 2px 3px #8FCB73;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 1px solid #8FCB73;
    text-decoration: none;
    opacity: 0.9;
    cursor: pointer;
color:white;
}
#er {
    color: #F00;
    text-align: center;
    margin: 10px 0px;
    font-size: 17px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<?php
 error_reporting('E_ALL ^ E_NOTICE');
 if(isset($_POST['submit']))
 {
  mysql_connect('localhost','root','') or die(mysql_error());
  mysql_select_db('new') or die(mysql_error());
  $name=$_POST['name'];
  $password=$_POST['password'];
  $mail=$_POST['mail'];
  $q=mysql_query("select * from login where name='".$name."' or mail='".$mail."' ") or die(mysql_error());
  $n=mysql_fetch_row($q);
  if($n>0)
  {
   $er='The username name '.$name.' or mail '.$mail.' is already present in our database';
  }
  else
  {
   $insert=mysql_query("insert into login values('".$name."','".$password."','".$mail."')") or die(mysql_error());
   if($insert)
   {
    $er='Values are registered successfully';
   }
   else
   {
    $er='Values are not registered';
   }
  }
 }
?>
<div class="contact">
<h1>Registration Form</h1>
     <div id="er"><?php echo $er; ?></div>
     <form action="#" method="post">
      <table id="tbl" align="center">
       <tr><td>Name:</td><td><input type="text" name="name" id="name"></td></tr>
       <tr><td>Password:</td><td><input type="text" name="password" id="password"></td></tr>
  <tr><td>Email:</td><td><input type="text" name="mail" id="mail"></td></tr>
       <tr><td></td><td><input type="submit" name="submit" id="submit" value="Submit"></td></tr>
      </table>
     </form>
</div>

<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function() {
$('#submit').click(function() {
var name=document.getElementById('name').value;
var password=document.getElementById('password').value;
var mail=document.getElementById('mail').value;
var chk = /^([\w-\.]+@([\w-]+\.)+[\w-]{2,4})?$/;
if(name=='')
{
 $('#er').html('Enter your name');
 return false;
}
if(password=='')
{
 $('#er').html('Enter your password');
 return false;
}
if(mail=='')
{
 $('#er').html('Enter your mail');
 return false;
}
if(!chk.test(mail))
{
 $('#er').html('Enter valid email');
 return false;
}
});
});
</script>
</body>

</html>

                            When you run this file, your screen should be like this:

                  For example, you'll try to store values guru, guru, guruparthiban19@gmail.com, then your screen like below:

             After enter submit button, the values are registered in Mysql database. Now you can see the values are present in yout table.

               You will get error message when you tried to insert same values again. This is below

                   Now your table contains user details. So you can add login form to validation user name and password of users.

Related Post:
Login form validation using PHP and Mysql
Login form validation with remeber me function using PHP and Mysql
Send forgot password to mailin login form using PHP and Mysql

Send forgotten password to mail in login form using php and mysql

                       Already you know about validate login form with remember me and signout concepts using php. You want to know Login with remember me and signout using php and mysql. 
                       Now see about how to send forgotten password to mail using php?. First your table contains users mail id. Just imagine this is your table:

Login form using php and mysql:

         
          Consider the following example:

login.php:

<html>

<head>
<style type="text/css">
 input{
 border:1px solid olive;
 border-radius:5px;
 }
 h1{
  color:darkgreen;
  font-size:22px;
  text-align:center;
 }
span{
  color:lightgreen;

 }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Login<h1>
<form action='#' method='post'>
<table cellspacing='5' align='center'>
<tr><td>User name:</td><td><input type='text' name='name'/></td></tr>
<tr><td>Password:</td><td><input type='password' name='pwd'/></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td><input type='checkbox' name='remember' /> <span>Remember me</span></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td> <span><a href="forgot.php">Forgot password</a></span></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td><input type='submit' name='submit' value='Submit'/></td></tr>
</table>

</form>
<?php
session_start();
//your values are stored in cookies, then you can login without validate
if(isset($_COOKIE['name']) && isset($_COOKIE['pwd']))
{
    header('location:welcome.php');
}
// login validation in php
if(isset($_POST['submit']))
{
 mysql_connect('localhost','root','') or die(mysql_error());
 mysql_select_db('new')  or die(mysql_error());
 $name=$_POST['name'];
 $pwd=$_POST['pwd'];
 if($name!=''&&$pwd!='')
 {
   $query=mysql_query("select * from login where name='".$name."' and password='".$pwd."' ")  or die(mysql_error());
   $res=mysql_fetch_row($query);
   if($res)
   {
    if(isset($_POST['remember']))
{
  setcookie('name',$name, time() + (60*60*24*1));
  setcookie('pwd',$pwd, time() + (60*60*24*1));
}
    $_SESSION['name']=$name;
    header('location:welcome.php');
   }
   else
   {
    echo'You entered username or password is incorrect';
   }
 }
 else
 {
  echo'Enter both username and password';
 }
}
?>
</body>
</html>

             While you run the above file, you'll get output like this:

Fogot password in php:

                 The php script for send forgotten password to mail is:

forgot.php:

<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
 input{
 border:1px solid olive;
 border-radius:5px;
 }
 h1{
  color:darkgreen;
  font-size:22px;
  text-align:center;
 }

</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Forgot Password<h1>
<form action='#' method='post'>
<table cellspacing='5' align='center'>
<tr><td>Email id:</td><td><input type='text' name='mail'/></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td><input type='submit' name='submit' value='Submit'/></td></tr>
</table>
</form>
<?php
if(isset($_POST['submit']))
{ 
 mysql_connect('localhost','root','') or die(mysql_error());
 mysql_select_db('new') or die(mysql_error());
 $mail=$_POST['mail'];
 $q=mysql_query("select * from login where mail='".$mail."' ") or die(mysql_error());
 $p=mysql_affected_rows();
 if($p!=0) 
 {
  $res=mysql_fetch_array($q);
  $to=$res['mail'];
  $subject='Remind password';
  $message='Your password : '.$res['password']; 
  $headers='From:guruparthiban19@gmail.com';
  $m=mail($to,$subject,$message,$headers);
  if($m)
  {
    echo'Check your inbox in mail';
  }
  else
  {
   echo'mail is not send';
  }
 }
 else
 {
  echo'You entered mail id is not present';
 }
}
?>
</body>
</html>

         Where,
                 mysql_query("select * from login where mail='".$mail."' "); is select the values from mysql table.
                 mysql_affected_rows() return the number of rows selected. If it returns 0, then there is no values is present in mysql table.
                 mysql_fetch_array() return the results an associated array. You want to know mysql_fetch_array().
                  Mail() is used to send password to mail. Yow want to know mail() in php.

              When you click the 'forgot password' in login page, you'll get output like this:

                You entered your email id in text box and click submit button. Now you can get message 'Check your inbox in mail' if the mail is send. Otherwise, you'll get 'Mail is not send' message. If you enetered mail id which is not present is mysql table, then you will get 'You entered mail is is not present' message.

Related Post:
Create Registration form using PHP and MySQL
Login form validation using PHP and Mysql
Remember me in login form validation using PHP and Mysql

Validate login form with remember me using php and mysql

                      All of you know the simple login validation concepts in php. Otherwise visit login validation using php. Now see about login form with remember me concept in php. You can remember the user using cookies concept in php.
                     When you click the remember me check box, your name and password is stored in cookie. Though you signout and close the browser, you can login again while open page in browser. Your name kept by cookie until expire the time or you clear the cache in your browser.

Remember me in login form using php:

                     Consider the following example. You have 3 php pages such as login.php, welcome.php and signout.php.

login.php:

<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
 input{
 border:1px solid olive;
 border-radius:5px;
 }
 h1{
  color:darkgreen;
  font-size:22px;
  text-align:center;
 }
span{
  color:lightgreen;

 }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Login<h1>
<form action='#' method='post'>
<table cellspacing='5' align='center'>
<tr><td>User name:</td><td><input type='text' name='name'/></td></tr>
<tr><td>Password:</td><td><input type='password' name='pwd'/></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td><input type='checkbox' name='remember' /> <span>Remember me</span></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td><input type='submit' name='submit' value='Submit'/></td></tr>
</table>

</form>
<?php
session_start();
//your values are stored in cookies, then you can login without validate
if(isset($_COOKIE['name']) && isset($_COOKIE['pwd']))
{
    header('location:welcome.php');
}
// login validation in php
if(isset($_POST['submit']))
{
 mysql_connect('localhost','root','') or die(mysql_error());
 mysql_select_db('new') or die(mysql_error());
 $name=$_POST['name'];
 $pwd=$_POST['pwd'];
 if($name!=''&&$pwd!='')
 {
   $query=mysql_query("select * from login where name='".$name."' and password='".$pwd."' ");
   $res=mysql_fetch_row($query);
   if($res)
   {
    if(isset($_POST['remember']))
{
 setcookie('name',$name, time() + (60*60*24*1));
 setcookie('pwd',$pwd, time() + (60*60*24*1));
}
    $_SESSION['name']=$name;
    header('location:welcome.php');
   }
   else
   {
    echo'You entered username or password is incorrect';
   }
 }
 else
 {
  echo'Enter both username and password';
 }
}
?>
</body>
</html>

             where,
            if(isset($_COOKIE['name']) && isset($_COOKIE['pwd'])) {} means if the user values in  cookies, then the user can login directly without login validation in php.
         
           if(isset($_POST['remember'])){
           setcookie('name',$name,time() + (60*60*24*1));
           setcookie('pwd',$pwd,time() + (60*60*24*1));
           }
           which means, if the user click the remember me check box, then you have to store them in cookie. If you don't know  about cookies in php, then visit Cookies in php.

          When you run the login.php fille, you'll get output like this:

welcome.php:

<?php    
  session_start();
  if(isset($_COOKIE['name']))
  {
    echo 'Welcome: '. $_COOKIE['name'].'<br>';
  }
  else
  {
    echo 'Welcome: '. $_SESSION['name'].'<br>';
  }
  echo'<a href="signout.php">Singout</a>';
?>

      where,
                  if(isset($_COOKIE['name'])){}else{} means if the values in cookie, then return name from cookie. Otherwise name return from session.

             Now you enter username and password  'guru' and 'guru' without select the remember check box, you will navigate to 'welcome.php' page and get output like this:

                   welcome: guru
                   Signout

 If it is wrong, then you can't login.

   

Signout in php:           

            When you click the signout.php, it destroy the session and return back to login page. The php script for signout page:
signout.php:

<?php    
         session_start();
         session_destroy();
         header('location:login.php');
?>

           You select the remember me check box while login. Then you navigate to welcome.php page. Now you click the signout on welcome.php page, you can't return back to login page. Because the concept is, when you signout the page, you return back to login.php page, where you wrote the php script as like as:

          
                  if(isset($_COOKIE['name']) && isset($_COOKIE['pwd'])) {}

It means, if values in cookie, you can login again. Now you comes to login page and again login and navigates to welcome page because your values in cookies.So you are in welcome page until the cookie is expired.

Related Post:
Create Registration form using PHP and MySQL
Simple login form validation using php and mysql
Forgot password to mail in login form validation using PHP and Mysql

Login validation using php and mysql

                      Everybody should see the login pages in most of websites. You should have doubt about this login form, how they validate username and password. There is nothing, just only 2 steps as follows as for login validation using php.
                      1. You enter username and password already registered which is stored in mysql database.
                      2. After you submit a button to login, it check the database values whether the username and password is correct or not using php and mysql query. The mysql query for select a values from mysql database as like this:
             
             ie, SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE name='username' and password='password' 

If it return values correctly, then you can login. Otherwise it give error message.

Simple login validation using php and mysql: 

                      Lets see how to validate the username and password using php.

                      1. First you create table using mysql query like this:

           CREATE TABLE login(name varchar(30), password varchar(30), PRIMARY KEY(name))

Now the table 'login' is created. The field 'name' is primary key. Because the username must be unique.

                      2. Then insert values into table using  mysql query like this:

           INSERT INTO login VALUES('guru','guru') 

Now the table look like this:

                       3. The php script for login validation as follows as:
login.php:

<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
 input{
 border:1px solid olive;
 border-radius:5px;
 }
 h1{
  color:darkgreen;
  font-size:22px;
  text-align:center;
 }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Login<h1>
<form action='#' method='post'>
<table cellspacing='5' align='center'>
<tr><td>User name:</td><td><input type='text' name='name'/></td></tr>
<tr><td>Password:</td><td><input type='password' name='pwd'/></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td><input type='submit' name='submit' value='Submit'/></td></tr>
</table>

</form>
<?php
session_start();
if(isset($_POST['submit']))
{
 mysql_connect('localhost','root','') or die(mysql_error());
 mysql_select_db('new') or die(mysql_error());
 $name=$_POST['name'];
 $pwd=$_POST['pwd'];
 if($name!=''&&$pwd!='')
 {
   $query=mysql_query("select * from login where name='".$name."' and password='".$pwd."'") or die(mysql_error());
   $res=mysql_fetch_row($query);
   if($res)
   {
    $_SESSION['name']=$name;
    header('location:welcome.php');
   }
   else
   {
    echo'You entered username or password is incorrect';
   }
 }
 else
 {
  echo'Enter both username and password';
 }
}
?>
</body>
</html>

        Where,
                if(isset($_POST['submit']){}    means run after submit a results.
                if($name!=''&&$pwd!=''){}   means if either username or password is empty, it give message like as 'Enter both username and password'.
                mysql_query("select * from login where name='".$name."' and password='".$pwd."'  ")      select the values if the username and password is present.
                $res=mysql_fetch_row($query) return row as numeric array.
You don't know about mysql_fetch_row, then visit mysql-fetch-row in mysql.
               if($res){} validate the result. If it is correct, then your name is stored in session variable and also you'll navigate to 'welcome.php' page. Otherwise you'll get 'You entered username or password is incorrect' message. You want to visit Session in php.
              When you run the above file, it should be like this:

             
               The php script for welcome page:

 welcome.php:

<?php    
         session_start();
         $name=$_SESSION['name'];    
         echo'welcome :'. $name.'<br>';
         echo'<a href="signout.php">Signout</a>';
?>

      

             Now you enter username and password  'guru' and 'guru', you will navigate to 'welcome.php' page and get output like this:

                   welcome: guru
                   Signout

 If it is wrong, then you can't login.

Signout in php:              

            When you click the signout.php, it destroy the session and return back to login page. The php script for signout page:
signout.php:

<?php    
         session_start();
         session_destroy();
         header('location:login.php');
?>

                session_destroy is used to destroy the session variable in php.

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Display tables list in mysql database using php

                      You can display the tables in a mysql database two ways using mysql query.
     1. First you select your mysql database. Then use below mysql query:

                    SHOW TABLES

    2.You can get your tables in mysql database without select database using following mysql query.

                   SHOW TABLES FROM db_name

ex: SHOW TABLES FROM new

Both two ways, you will get output like this:

Display table list in database using php:

                            You can display list of tables in database using php in two ways.

           1.  Display table list in database using php and mysql

           2.  Display tables in database using php and mysql_list_tables()

Display table list in database using php and mysql:

                              You can get list of tables in database using mysql query and php. The following php code is used for display list of tables.

<?php
$link=mysql_connect('localhost','root','') or die(mysql_error());
mysql_select_db('new')  or die(mysql_error());
$result=mysql_query("show tables ")  or die(mysql_error());
while ($row = mysql_fetch_row($result)) {
    echo " {$row[0]}<br>";
}
?>

                                        OR

Display tables in mysql database using php and mysql_list_tables():

                             You can also get list of tables in database using mysql_list_tables function in php. The following php code is used for display list of tables.

<?php
error_reporting('E_ALL ^ E_NOTICE');
mysql_connect('localhost','root','') or die(mysql_error());
$rs=mysql_list_tables('new') ;
while($res=mysql_fetch_row($rs))
{
echo $res[0].'<br>';
}
?>

            Now you'll get output like this:

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Retrieve data from mysql table using php

                       We are going to see how can fetch the result from mysql table using php.
             1. First you need to connect your Mysql database using php script like below:

mysql_connect('server_name','username','password');
mysql_select_db('db_name');

where,
           - server_name means localhost,
           - username is username of your database
           - password is password of your database
           - db_name is name of your database

          2. Then select the values which is present is table using mysql query.
              " SELECT * FROM table_name "
Use above query, if you select all values in table. Otherwise you need to use 'WHERE' clause to retrieve desired data from table.

          3. Then you have to use MYSQL function to retrieve data from table such as mysql_fetch_array(), mysql_fetch_row(), and mysql_assoc.
          where, 
                   mysql_fetch_array() returns row as numeric array, associative array or both.
                   mysql_fetch_row() returns numeric array corresponds to fetched row.
                   mysql_fetch_assoc() returns row as an associative array.

Consider following example:


                    

Fetch results from mysql table using mysql_fetch_array() in php:

<html>
<body>
<table>
<th>Game_ID</th><th>Category</th><th>Title</th>
<?php
mysql_connect('localhost','root','') or die(mysql_error());
mysql_select_db('new') or die(mysql_error());
$query=mysql_query('select * from table1')  or die(mysql_error());
while($res=mysql_fetch_array($query))
{
  echo'<tr><td>'.$res['game_ID'].'</td><td>'.$res[1].'</td><td>'.$res['game_Title'].'</td></tr>';
}
echo'<table>';
?>
</body>
</html>

         Now you'll get output like this:

Fetch result from mysql table using mysql_fetch_row() in php:

<html>
<body>
<table>
<th>Game_ID</th><th>Category</th><th>Title</th>
<?php
mysql_connect('localhost','root','') or die(mysql_error());
mysql_select_db('new') or die(mysql_error());
$query=mysql_query('select * from table1') or die(mysql_error());
while($res=mysql_fetch_row($query))
{
  echo'<tr><td>'.$res[0].'</td><td>'.$res[1].'</td><td>'.$res[2].'</td></tr>';
}
echo'<table>';
?>
</body>
</html>

           Now you'll get output like this:

       
      Suppose you'll use
echo'<tr><td>'.$res[0].'</td><td>'.$res[1].'</td><td>'.$res['game_Title'].'</td></tr>';

That means you use associative index instead numerical, then you will get undefined index error like as follows as:

Fetch results from mysql table using mysql_fetch_assoc() in php:

<html>
<body>
<table>
<th>Game_ID</th><th>Category</th><th>Title</th>
<?php
mysql_connect('localhost','root','')  or die(mysql_error());
mysql_select_db('new')  or die(mysql_error());
$query=mysql_query('select * from table1')  or die(mysql_error());
while($res=mysql_fetch_assoc($query))
{
  echo'<tr><td>'.$res['game_ID'].'</td><td>'.$res['category_Name'].'</td><td>'.$res['game_Title'].'</td></tr>';
}
echo'<table>';
?>
</body>
</html>

           Now you'll get output like this:

 Suppose you'll use
echo'<tr><td>'.$res[0].'</td><td>'.$res['category_Name'].'</td><td>'.$res['game_Title'].'</td></tr>';

That means you use numeric index instead associative, then you will get undefined offset error like as follows as:

          Finally you can retrieve data from mysql table using php.

mysql_fetch_row in php and mysql

                      Mysql_fetch_row()  return row as numeric array. We can't use associative indices to retrieve data from mysql table using php.

Consider following example:

                     

Retrieve data from table using mysql_fetch_row()  in php:

                       You can retrieve data from mysql table using  mysql_fetch_assoc() in php. The following php script is used for retrieve data.

<html>
<body>
<table>
<th>Game_ID</th><th>Category</th><th>Title</th>
<?php
mysql_connect('localhost','root','') or die(mysql_error());
mysql_select_db('new') or die(mysql_error());
$query=mysql_query('select * from table1') or die(mysql_error());
while($res=mysql_fetch_row($query))
{
  echo'<tr><td>'.$res[0].'</td><td>'.$res[1].'</td><td>'.$res[2].'</td></tr>';
}
echo'<table>';
?>
</body>
</html>

           Now you'll get output like this:

Where,
          the result of array should be like this:
             Array(
                         [0] => 1
                         [1] => Adventures
                         [2] => Achilles
                       )      

 Suppose you'll use following php script,
echo'<tr><td>'.$res[0].'</td><td>'.$res[1].'</td><td>'.$res['game_Title'].'</td></tr>';

That means you use associative index instead numerical, then you will get undefined index error like as follows as:

 Where,
              'game_Title' is the field name of column. You can't use $res['game_title'] here. Because you retrieved data from table using mysql_fetch_row().

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Avoid duplicate values storing in table using php and mysql

                       We can avoid duplicate values storing in table when we insert data to table. Because the duplicate entry is one of the main problem, while insert data into mysql table . We removed duplicate values using 'DISTINCT' key in mysql query, if it is present in table. We can check whether the value is present in table or not using PHP and Mysql before add data to table.

                        We can also avoid duplicate values storing in mysql table while inserting by primary key.

Consider following example. You've a database named with 'new' and table named with 'user'. You try to add names in user table. Now you've to check the values is present or not while you inserting. The table look like this:

Now you try to add name 'guru' again. You can check whether the name 'guru' is present in table or not using below PHP script.

<?php
if(isset($_POST['submit']))
{
mysql_connect('localhost','root','');
mysql_select_db('new');
$name=$_POST['name'];
$query=mysql_query("select * from user where name='".$name."' ") or die(mysql_error());
$duplicate=mysql_num_rows($query);
   if($duplicate==0)
    {
      $query1=mysql_query("insert into user values('".$name."')")  or die(mysql_error());
    }
    else
    {
      echo'The name '.$name.' is already present in the user table';
    }
}
?>
<html>
<body>
<form method='post' action='#'>
name: <input type='text' name='name'>
<input type='submit' name='submit' value='Submit'>
</form>
</body>
</html>

                           
     Where, 
               mysql_query() - execute the query and select if any similar values are present in table.                                    mysql_num_rows() - returns numeric value of selected rows. If its value is 0, then there is no similar values present in table. Otherwise the value is already present in table.
     Where, 
               you can also use  mysql_fetch_row() instead of mysql_num_rows().                       
                        If the value is present in table, it could not be stored in table. Now you can avoid duplicate entries in table using PHP and Mysql.
                
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